Please Note: those are NOT CHILDREN of attacking state, please keep that in mind.
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Based on the picture provided above, each one of those abilities are considered attacks, some will require a weapon, some will not, the trace for each of them is different and so on. with that info in mind, they are all considered attacks.
The states are the overall state of whatever the performing actor is doing. think of it from a third eye prospective, no matter what ability you fire from the list above, they are all attacks and therefore its an “attacking state”
there is also multpile types of hit reactions / block reactions / rollings or dodging / movement state and so on, all those are considered states and anything specific is considered an ability.
Technical differences:
Only ONE state is active an any given point, Firing a state will override the one before it. in abilities, you can fire an ability without replacing the one before it. you can even have multiple abilities active if needed with specifying some to be “passive abilities”